Social Determinants of Health and Emergency and Hospital Use by Children With Chronic Disease

^aDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and
^bDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;
^cCenters for Child Health, Behavior and Development and
^dClinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington;
^eSeattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington; and
^fHarborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, Washington

Address correspondence to Carolyn C. Foster, MD, MSHS, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Academic General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Advocacy, and Outreach Center, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Ave, Box 162, Chicago, IL 60611. E-mail: ccfoster{at}luriechildrens.org

Dr Foster conceptualized and designed the study, developed and led coding and the analysis, and drafted and revised the manuscript; Dr Simon participated in study conceptualization and design and aided with data analysis and interpretation and manuscript writing; Dr Qu aided in study design, conducted data analysis and interpretation, and reviewed the final manuscript as submitted; Ms Holmes aided in data collection and data interpretation and reviewed the final manuscript as submitted; Mr Chang and Ms Ramos aided in data collection, data management and cleaning, and data analysis and reviewed the final manuscript as submitted; Ms Koutlas aided in data collection and coding analysis and interpretation and reviewed the final manuscript as submitted; Dr Rivara helped secure funding and participated in study design and conceptualization, data collection, and manuscript writing; Dr Melzer was primary investigator of the Pediatric Partners in Care program, participated in study design and conceptualization and data collection, and reviewed the final manuscript as submitted; and Dr Mangione-Smith participated in study conceptualization and design, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing; and all authors approved the final manuscript as submitted.

Dr Mangione-Smith’s current affiliations are Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, and Department of Health Systems Science at Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
Dr Foster’s current affiliations are Division of Academic General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Advocacy, and Outreach Center, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL.