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American Academy of Pediatrics
Research Articles

Variation in the Management of Children With Deep Neck Infections

Susan C. Lipsett, John J. Porter, Michael C. Monuteaux, Karen Watters and Joel D. Hudgins
Hospital Pediatrics February 2021, hpeds.2020-000315; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2020-000315
Susan C. Lipsett
aDepartment of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; and
bDivision of Emergency Medicine and
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John J. Porter
bDivision of Emergency Medicine and
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Michael C. Monuteaux
aDepartment of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; and
bDivision of Emergency Medicine and
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Karen Watters
cDepartment of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Joel D. Hudgins
aDepartment of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; and
bDivision of Emergency Medicine and
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Children with deep neck infections (DNIs) are increasingly being managed nonsurgically with intravenous antibiotics. Our objective was to examine variation in the management of children with DNIs across US children’s hospitals.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Pediatric Health Information System database. Children ≤12 years of age hospitalized for retropharyngeal or parapharyngeal abscesses from 2010 to 2018 were included. Hospital variation in management modality and imaging use was described. Temporal trends in management modality were assessed by using logistic regression. Medical management alone versus a combination of medical and surgical management was assessed, and the characteristics of children in these 2 groups were compared. The relationship between hospital rates of initial medical management and failed medical management was assessed by using linear regression.

RESULTS: Hospitals varied widely in their rates of surgical management from 17% to 70%. The overall rate of surgical management decreased from 42.0% to 33.5% over the study period. Children managed surgically had higher rates of ICU admission (11.5% vs 3.2%; P < .001) and higher hospital charges ($25 241 vs $15 088; P < .001) compared with those managed medically alone. Seventy-three percent of children underwent initial medical management, of whom 17.9% went on to undergo surgery. Hospitals with higher rates of initial medical management had lower rates of failed medical management (β = −.43).

CONCLUSIONS: Although rates of surgical management of pediatric DNI are decreasing over time, there remains considerable variation in management across US children’s hospitals. Children managed surgically have higher rates of resource use and costs.

  • Copyright © 2021 by the American Academy of Pediatrics
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Hospital Pediatrics: 11 (2)
Hospital Pediatrics
Vol. 11, Issue 2
1 Feb 2021
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Variation in the Management of Children With Deep Neck Infections
Susan C. Lipsett, John J. Porter, Michael C. Monuteaux, Karen Watters, Joel D. Hudgins
Hospital Pediatrics Feb 2021, hpeds.2020-000315; DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-000315

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Variation in the Management of Children With Deep Neck Infections
Susan C. Lipsett, John J. Porter, Michael C. Monuteaux, Karen Watters, Joel D. Hudgins
Hospital Pediatrics Feb 2021, hpeds.2020-000315; DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-000315
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